start of cryptocurrencies












In 1983, the American cryptographer David Chaum conceived of an electronic cryptographic monetary system called eCash.  Later, in 1995, he implemented DigiCash, which used cryptography to make money transactions anonymous, albeit with centralized issuance and settlement (payment).  This system required software to withdraw money from a bank and designate specific encryption keys before they could be sent to a recipient.  This allowed the digital currency to be untraceable by the issuing bank, the government, or any third party.

 In 1996, the NSA published an investigation titled How to make a Mint: the Cryptography of Anonymous Electronic Cash.  This research described a cryptocurrency system, posted on an MIT mailing list.  Later, in 1997, it was published in The American Law Review (Vol. 46, Issue 4).

 The concept or idea of ​​cryptocurrency was first described by Wei Dai, in 1998, where he proposed the idea of ​​creating a new type of decentralized money that used cryptography as a means of control. The first cryptocurrency that was created was Bitcoin, created in 2009 by pseudonymous developer Satoshi Nakamoto, which uses the SHA-2 cryptographic function set (exactly SHA-256) as its PoW (proof of work) scheme.  Subsequently, other cryptocurrencies have appeared, such as Namecoin (an attempt to decentralize the DNS domain name system, which would make internet censorship very difficult), Litecoin (which uses scrypt as a PoW scheme, as well as, to have a faster transaction confirmation), Peercoin (which uses a hybrid PoW/PoS [proof-of-work/proof-of-stake] scheme, plus has an inflation rate of around 1%) and Freicoin (which implemented Silvio's concept Gesell adding depreciation over time). Many other cryptocurrencies have been created, although not all have been successful, especially those that have not brought any innovation.
















 Since its inception, cryptocurrencies have steadily gained the attention of the general public and the media.  Since 2011, interest has risen rapidly, especially during Bitcoin's breakneck rise in April 2013.

 On August 6, 2014, the United Kingdom announced the launch of an initiative to study cryptocurrencies.  This study should include what role this type of currency could play in the UK economy, as well as the analysis to determine what regulations should be considered.

 In June 2021, El Salvador became the first country to accept Bitcoin as legal tender.

 In August 2021, Cuba followed resolution 215 to accept Bitcoin as a legal tender, which will avoid US sanctions.

 On September 21, 2021, China banned all use, transaction, mining or trading of cryptocurrencies, with the intention of preventing capital flight.  It thus became the first country to condemn this digital market.  At the stock market level, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies fell considerably after the decision of XI